Fluoroquinolones
Representative drugs:
ciprofloxacin
gatifloxacin
gemifloxacin
levofloxacin
lomefloxacin
moxifloxacin
norfloxacin
ofloxacin
sparfloxacin
Therapeutic actions
Fluoroquinolones are antibacterial. They are bactericidal, which means that they interfere with DNA replication in susceptible gram-negative bacteria, preventing cell reproduction and leading to death of bacteria.
Indications
•Treatment of infections caused by susceptible gram-negative bacteria which includes E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae,Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Citrobacter freundii, S.aureus, Proteus vulgaris and group D streptococci.
•Unlabeled use: Treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis who have pulmonary exacerbations.
Contraindications and cautions
•Contraindicated with allergy to any fluoroquinolone, pregnancy and lactation.
•Use cautiously with renal dysfunction and seizures.
Adverse effects
•Central Nervous System: Headache, dizziness, insomnia, fatigue, depression, blurred vision, somnolence
•Gastro-Intestine: nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
